Attempting to Crash a BMW i3

During CES 2015, BMW invited Wayne Cunningham of CNET to take the wheel of its i3 electric car, that had been modified with its experimental ActiveAssist technology.

Under instruction Wayne kept trying to purposefully steer in to obstacles in different ways:

• let car roll of its own accord towards barrier
• Flooring it, letting off the accelerator just before the collision. 
• Holding down the accelerator and shooting towards a barrier

Each time the i3 brought itself to a stop inches from the barrier

This i3 sees the world around it using four laser scanners. Two of them, visibly embedded in the front fenders offered a 140-degree field of view each, with the others giving the car a 360-degree picture of its environment. The input from these sensors was wired into the i3's brain, which used an algorithm telling it when to hit the brakes. This active collision avoidance system is one of BMW's stepping stones to the completely autonomous car. The lasers have a few blind spots close into the car, but the ActiveAssist processing can extrapolate the location of objects it had in its view. With this implementation, the i3 could effectively prevent collisions at speeds up to 15 mph. The thinking behind this concept system seemed to focus on preventing scratches or dents to the vehicle from city and parking lot collisions, rather than safety in high-speed collisions, keeping a future BMW model looking as fresh as the day it was new.

Automatic valet

Just as interesting as not crashing an i3, BMW used the same ActiveAssist technology to power an automated valet system. For this demonstration, BMW automated-driving expert Georg Tanzmeizer used a Samsung smartwatch to send the i3 to find a parking space, and then have it return.

The watch was loaded with a BMW app that let it connect to the car over the Internet, the i3 having its own Internet connection. Standing out on the parking deck, Tanzmeizer pushed a button on the watch and the i3 took off on its own. With no driver, it headed down a line of cars until it identified a parking spot. Rather than nosing into the perpendicular spot, it took the more difficult option of backing in.
After it had finished, Tanzmeizer said "BMW pick me up" to the watch, and IWayne could see in the distance the car pulling out of the space, then heading their way.

This car used the exact same laser sensors as the collision-avoiding ones, but calculated a path through the parking area with the sensor data. Tanzmeizer pointed out that as it calculated the path dynamically, each time he sent it to park it might take a slightly different path.

Rather than come to the GPS coordinates of the watch, however, the return trip of the car ended at a preset valet zone. BMW expects that a parking garage would designate such a zone for cars with this type of automation. You could start walking toward the garage valet zone from a restaurant or other urban location, tell your car to pick you up, and it would be waiting for you, ready to get back on the road.

All of this technology is still a few years out. The cost of the laser scanners in particular will need to come down to make this system practical for production cars.

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